Annual Campaigns: any organized effort by a nonprofit to secure gifts on an annual basis; also called annual appeals.

Building/Renovation: money raised for construction, renovation, remodeling, or rehabilitation of buildings; may be part of an organization's capital campaign.

Capital Campaign: usually extending over a period of years, to raise substantial funds for enduring purposes, such as building or endowment funds.

Conferences/Seminars: a grant to cover the expenses of holding a conference or seminar.

Consulting Services: professional staff support provided by the foundation to a nonprofit to consult on a project of mutual interest or to evaluate services (not a cash grant).

Continuing Support: a grant that is renewed on a regular basis.

Curriculum Development: grants to schools, colleges, universities, and educational support organizations to develop general or discipline-specific curricula.

Debt Reduction: also known as deficit financing. A grant to reduce the recipient organization's indebtedness; frequently refers to mortgage payments.

Emergency Funds: a one-time grant to cover immediate short-term funding needs on an emergency basis.

Employee Matching Gifts: a contribution to a charitable organization by a corporate employee, which is matched by a similar contribution from the employer. Many corporations support employee matching gift programs in higher education to stimulate their employees to give to the college or university of their choice. In addition, many foundations support matching gift programs for their officers and directors.

Employee-related Scholarships: a scholarship program funded by a company-sponsored foundation usually for children of employees; programs are frequently administered by the National Science Corporation which is responsible for selection of scholars.

Endowment Funds: a bequest or gift intended to be kept permanently and invested to provide income for continued support of an organization.

Equipment: a grant to purchase equipment, furnishings, or other materials.

Exchange Programs: usually refers to funds for educational exchange programs for foreign students.

Fellowships: Usually indicate funds awarded to educational institutions to support fellowship programs. A few foundations award fellowships directly to individuals.

General/Operating Support: a grant made to further the general purpose or work of an organization, rather than for a specific purpose or project; also called unrestricted grants.

Grants to Individuals: awards made directly by the foundation to individual rather than to nonprofit organizations; includes aid to the needy. (See also "Fellowships," "Scholarships-to Individuals," and "Student Loans-to Individuals.")

In-kind Gifts: a contribution of equipment, supplies, or other property as distinct from a monetary grant. Some organizations may also donate space or staff time as an in-kind contribution.

Internships: usually indicates funds awarded to an institution or organization to support an internship program rather than a grant to an individual.

Land acquisition: a grant to purchase real estate property.

Lectureships: see "Curriculum Development".

Loans: see "Program-related Investments/Loans" and "Student Loans-to Individuals.")

Operating budgets: see "General/Operating Support."

Professorships: a grant to an educational institution to endow a professorship or chair.

Program Development: grants to support specific projects or programs as opposed to general purpose grants.

Program-related Investments/Loans: a loan is any temporary award of funds that must be repaid. A program-related investment is a loan or other investment (as distinguished from a grant) made by a foundation to another organization for a project related to the foundation's stated charitable purpose and interests.

Publication: a grant to fund reports or other publications issued by a nonprofit resulting from research or projects of interest to the foundation.

Renovation Projects: see "Building/Renovation."

Research: usually indicates funds awarded to institutions to cover costs of investigations and clinical trials. Research grants for individuals are usually referred to as fellowships.

Scholarship funds: a grant to an educational institution or organization to support a scholarship program, mainly for students at the undergraduate level. (see also "Employee-related Scholarships.")

Scholarships-to Individuals: assistance awarded directly to individuals in the form of educational grants or scholarships. (see also "Employee-related Scholarships.")

Seed Money: a grant or contribution used to start a new project or organization. Seed grants may cover salaries and other operating expenses of a new project. Also known as "start-up funds."

Special Projects: see "Program Development."

Student Aid: see "Fellowships," Scholarships-to Individuals," and "Students Loans-to Individuals."

Student Loans-to Individuals: assistance awarded directly to individuals in the form of educational loans.

Technical Assistance: operational or management assistance given to nonprofit organizations; may include fundraising assistance, budgeting and financial planning, program planning, legal advice marketing, and other aids to management. Assistance may be offered directly by a foundation staff member or in the form of a grant to pay for the services of an outside consultant.